What does “centimeter-level” describe?
The term usually describes the scale of position error. A number needs a horizontal or vertical direction, statistical definition, ground-truth reference, environment and solution state. Open-sky fixed-solution accuracy is not a substitute for performance through extended obstruction.
Positioning accuracy is not task accuracy
Installation lever arms, coordinate transformations, latency, vehicle control, wheel slip and implement offsets also affect the final result. Agricultural pass spacing, logistics docking and mowing boundaries require mission-level evaluation.
Evaluate these dimensions together
| Dimension | What to measure |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | Horizontal, vertical and attitude error against a reference |
| Repeatability | Consistency across repeated routes and asset visits |
| Continuity | Output, drift and recovery during obstruction |
| Real-time behavior | Update rate, timestamp alignment and latency |
| Mission outcome | Missed coverage, overlap, docking, boundary and stopping error |
Design a field evaluation
- Define the coordinate frame, reference equipment and statistics.
- Separate open sky, canopy, walls and indoor-outdoor transitions.
- Record sensor quality, correction status and abnormal events.
- Repeat trials at actual speeds, payloads and implement configurations.
Evaluating HOPO platforms
Select the model by sensing and interfaces, then evaluate its agreed specification. O1 MAX metrics do not automatically apply to O1, O2 or every environment. Acceptance criteria should identify hardware, software and test conditions.